IMAT 2023

Preliminary global average temperatures taken so far in June are nearly 1℃ (1.8℉) above levels previously recorded for the same month, going back to 1979. While the month is not yet complete and may not set a new June record, climate scientists say it follows a pattern of strengthening global heating that could see this year named the hottest ever recorded, topping 2016.
The long-term warming conditions caused by the burning of fossil fuels will likely receive a further pulse of heat via El Niño, a naturally reoccurring phenomenon where sections of the Pacific Ocean heat up, typically causing temperatures to spike across the world.
According to the text, which one of the following is true?

Which of the following pairs of character/book is wrong?

The work known as De Bello Gallico is

In a parliamentary system of government, the President of the Republic is

You have 1 pair of new-born rabbits (one male and one female) that can breed when they reach maturity. You also have 3 pairs of mature rabbits (3 males and 3 females) that can start breeding immediately. They follow these rules:

• Each mature pair of rabbits produces one new pair of offspring (one male and one female) at the end of each month
• Each offspring pair takes one month to mature

How many rabbits do you have at the end of the 3rd month?

The half-life of a radioactive element is the time needed for half of the material to decay. You have a certain quantity of a mineral containing two radioactive elements X and Y, whose half-lives are 2 and 3 years, respectively. Also, no physical process can produce elements X or Y.
If today the ratio X:Y (mass/mass) is 8:1, what will it be after 6 years?

You want to buy a sandwich from your favourite store but are on a strict diet, so the sandwich must satisfy these requirements:

• protein content: at least 20 g
• fat content: less than 10 g energy: at least1,300 kJ

These are the types of sandwich available:

What is the minimum that you can spend for your sandwich?

Copernicus is the European Earth Observation Programme which was established in 1998 to monitor the many ecosystems of our planet. It uses a constellation of 6 ‘Sentinel’ satellites as well as dozens of third-party satellites to protect us from natural and manmade disasters. It collects and makes available accurate environmental data to address climate change, pollution, and deforestation, aiding evidence-based decision-making. Copernicus fuels scientific research and plays a pivotal role in tracing disease outbreaks, tracking marine pollution, determining the quality of air and water, studying ocean levels and evaluating the melting of the arctic polar ice cap. The Copernicus European Observation Programme provides enormous social, environmental and scientific benefits, and it should continue to be funded.
Which one of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?

There is a commonly held belief, known as the ‘Matthew effect’, that students who start with poor academic attainment early in school make less progress over time than their higher-achieving peers. But recent research has shed new light on this topic. A study examined patterns of growth in literacy and numeracy among more than 150,000 young people in Australia. Researchers tested pupils regularly between year 3 and year 9. They found that students who began with high achievement in reading and numeracy tests in year 3 were not making the amount of progress to year 9 of which they were capable. On the other hand, students starting with below average test scores made more progress from year 3 to year 9 than students starting above average. This compensatory growth pattern was seen in both reading and numeracy but was especially significant in reading.
Which one of the following can be drawn as a conclusion from the above passage?

Glucose can feed into the biochemical pathways noted in the options below. Each pathway generates a net yield of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose feeding into the pathway. Rank the reactions listed below in order of the total number of net ATP molecules produced, ranked from largest to smallest?

1. Ethyl alcohol fermentation of four molecules of glucose
2. Lactic acid fermentation of six molecules of glucose
3. The electron transport chain stage of cellular respiration following the metabolism of a single molecule of glucose through the glycolytic and citric acid cycle stages.
4. Glycolysis of seven glucose molecules

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic condition marked by the gradual deterioration of muscle tissue. Recent studies have revealed that DMD arises from specific changes in a vital protein called dystrophin, responsible for maintaining the integrity of muscle cells. The gene responsible for producing this protein follows an inheritance pattern known as X-linked recessive.
Which of the following statements is wrong according to the above?

In the table below, you can find the minimum, maximum and optimum pH values that are required for enzymes X, Y, Z, W, and Q to function.

Which of the pairs of enzymes listed below cannot function together in the same environment?

Which of the following is absent from the genome of a virus that utilizes DNA as its primary molecule?

In which of the following events do hormones secreted by the adrenal gland and pancreas play a role together?

1. Balancing the amount of calcium in the bone and blood.
2. Accelerating sodium absorption in the renal tubules.
3. Balancing the glucose level in the blood.

Which of the following examples represent conditions regulated by homeostasis in the body?

1. Blood glucose concentration
2. Body temperature
3. Water levels
4. Body weight

Which of the following structures in a plant cell are surrounded by a double membrane?

Listed below are three different families with genotypes related to colour blindness which is an X-linked recessive disorder.

Among the families, which ones can have a colour-blind daughter?

Which of the following conditions is necessary for a mutation to play a role in the process of evolution?

Redox reactions play a vital role in many cellular processes. Which of the following statements and examples best describes redox reactions in living things?

Study the following table which shows the genotypes of individuals in a population for a specific genetic trait. The trait is determined by a single gene with two alleles, A and a.

Based on the given data, what is the frequency of the A allele in this population?

Which of the following anatomical structures is responsible for regulating the circadian rhythm?

Photosynthesis is a vital process in which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy. Which of the following represents the balanced equation for the overall reaction of photosynthesis?

What is the correct order of the following events that occur immediately after acetylcholine binds to postsynaptic receptors of a muscle fibre, causing the muscle to contract?

1. Ca²⁺ ions diffuse into the sarcoplasm
2. The muscle fibre membrane is depolarised
3. The myosin binding site on the actin filament is uncovered.

What percentage of the three base codons that can be made using the standard genetic code are stop codons?

Which of the following statements accurately describes prokaryotic DNA?

A fragment of double-stranded DNA molecule contains 12 phosphates and 2 adenines. Given this information, what is the total number of purine bases, deoxyribose sugars and hydrogen bonds respectively, present in the described DNA molecule?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the surface area-to-volume ratio and cell growth?

Which of the following statements regarding the Golgi apparatus is correct?

In which reactions of glycolysis are isomerase enzymes involved?

Given the polynucleotide sequence AUGCCGC, can you tell which is the 5′ end?

Which statement or set of statements about oxidative phosphorylation is correct?

1. Complex I of the electron transport chain transfers electrons from FADH₂ to coenzyme Q.
2. ATP synthase utilises the energy of the proton gradient to catalyze the conversion of ADP to ATP.
3. Oxygen serves as an electron acceptor in complex III.
4. Complex IV receives electrons from NADH.

The 19th century monk Gregor Johann Mendel conducted simple hybridisation experiments and established a series of laws of inheritance. Which of the points listed below accurately reflect Mendel’s laws?

1. Alternative forms of genetic characteristics can be inherited from parents.
2. Specific heritable factors or traits are inherited independently of other heritable factors.
3. Gametes are created by random segregation.
4. If one allele is dominant over another allele, the phenotype reflects the dominant allele.
5. Individuals with heritable traits more suited to the environment will have an increased chance of survival.

A simple ion of element A can be represented:

How many electrons are present in this ion?

A sample of n moles of an ideal gas is contained in a closed system of fixed volume V m³ at pressure P Pa and temperature 27.0 °C.

If the gas is heated to 327.0 °C, what will be the pressure, in Pa, at this new temperature?

Assume absolute zero is at -273.0 °C.

A pH meter is used to test 0.1 mol L^–1 aqueous solutions of the following compounds:

1. CH₃COOH
2. NaCl
3. H₂SO₄
4. Ba(OH)₂
5. HNO₃

Which of the following correctly lists these solutions in order of increasing pH?

Which of the following compounds are structural isomers of hexanoic acid?

Which one of the following is a gaseous compound (at room temperature and pressure) that exists as linear molecules and reacts with water to form an acidic solution?

Which of the following statements about 1Kg of water is correct?

At a given temperature, the K_c value of a gaseous exothermic reaction is equal to 7 × 10^–5 dm⁶ mol^–2.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

The structure of paracetamol is shown below:

Which one of the following functional groups is present in paracetamol?

The formulae of the five most abundant substances in air are shown:

• N₂
• O₂
• Ar
• CO₂
• H₂O

How many of these five substances are elements and how many of these five substances are made of molecules?

Which of these elements has the highest first ionisation energy?

Which of these molecules has an overall dipole moment?

This reaction is used in the extraction of titanium from its ore.

TiO₂ + 2Cl₂ + 2C → TiCl₄ + 2CO.

Which substances is/are the reducing agent(s) in this reaction?

Iron is made by reduction of iron oxide using carbon monoxide.

Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂.

50 g of iron is made in a reaction from 80 g of iron oxide.
What is the percentage yield of iron in this reaction? (M_r Fe₂O₃ = 160, A_r Fe = 56)

Which of these is a weak, diprotic acid?

Consider this function, defined for every x > 1 (where “ln” indicates the natural logarithm):

f(x) = 2ln(x) – 2ln(x – 1).

Which of these is an expression for its inverse function f^-1(y)?

Find the set of real solutions of this inequation:

2x² – 6x + 5 > 0

The ratio of sugar to flour in a mixture is 1:5. After 1kg of sugar and 2kg of flour are added to the mixture, the ratio has changed to 2:5.
A further 1kg of sugar and 2kg of flour are added to the mixture. What is the new ratio of sugar to flour?

Two standard six-sided dice numbered 1 to 6 are rolled. What is the probability that the product of the two numbers obtained is the square of a prime?

How many solutions are there in the range 0° ≤ x ≤ 360° to the equation

What is the complete set of values of x for which 100 − 99x ≤ 98 − 97x and 96 + 95x > 94 + 93x ?

What is the minimum distance of the circle given by the equation x² – 10x + y² + 12y + 57 = 0 from the coordinate axes?

The expression

simplifies to which of the following?

A point mass A with mass m moves at a constant speed v on a horizontal frictionless plane and collides with another point mass B with mass 2m that is at rest. The collision is elastic. After the collision, point mass A is moving with a speed V_Aand point mass B with a speed V_B.

What are V_A and V_B, in terms of V?

An ideal gas is trapped in a metal cylinder by a free-moving piston and is at equilibrium in a room at 25°C.
The piston is pulled slowly to the right so that the volume of the trapped gas increases isothermally. The piston is now fixed in position.
The metal cylinder is then placed in a location where thermal energy is transferred from the trapped gas until the pressure of the gas is halved.
To the nearest degree Celsius, what is the final temperature of the gas?

A metal jug of negligible thermal capacity contains a mass M of water at a temperature T₁. A dry block of ice (specific latent heat of fusion = L_f) of mass m at 0 °C is dropped into the water (specific heat capacity = c) and begins to melt. At thermal equilibrium, there is no ice in the jug and the temperature of all the water is T₂.

There is no thermal energy transfer between the atmosphere and the water or between the atmosphere and the ice.

Which expression is used to calculate m?

A vehicle travels east for 6km, then south for 8km without stopping. If the trip takes 15 minutes, what is the magnitude of the average velocity in km/h?

Two perfectly insulating spheres charged respectively with Q₁​ and Q₂​ and with a respective radius of R₁​ and R₂​ are placed in contact. What will the charge on the sphere of radius R₁​ now be?